Drugs » Drugs used in Dyspepsia

Drugs used in Dyspepsia

• The etiology of peptic ulcer is not clearly known. It results probably due to an imbalance between the aggressive (acid, pepsin & H.pylori) and the defensive (gastric mucus and bicarbonate secretions, prostaglandins, nitric oxide and innate resistance of the mucosal cells) factors.
• In the gastric ulcer, generally acid secretion is normal or low.
• In duodenal ulcer, generally there is a preexistent high level of acid secretion.

Treatment of peptic ulcer can be divided into:

1. Reduction of gastric acid secretion
   1. H2 antihistamines: Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Roxatidine, Loxatidine.
   2. Proton pumps inhibitors: Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, Pantoprazole, Rabeprazole, Esomeprazole.
   3. Anticholinergics: Pirenzepine, Propantheline, Oxyphenonium bromide.
   4. Prostaglandin analogues: Misoprostol, Enprostil, Rioprostil.
2. Neutralization of gastric acid (Antacids)
   1. Systemic: Sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate.
   2. Non systemic: Magnesium hydroxide, mag trisilicate, aluminum hydroxide gel, magaldrate, calcium carbonate.
3. Ulcer protective: sucralfate, colloidal bismuth subcitrate. (CBS)
4. Ulcer healing drugs: Carbenoxolone sodium
5. Anti-h pyloric drugs: Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, Metronidazole, Tinidazole, Tetracycline.