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Coronary artery disease (CAD)

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease. It is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality both in India and globally. In CAD, plaque made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium and other substances, builds up inside the coronary arteries. Plaque narrows the arteries and reduces blood flow to the myocardium. It also makes it more susceptible to form thrombi in the arteries. Blood clots can partially or completely block blood flow leading to angina or infarction. Risk factors are hypertension, sedentary life style, smoking and Hyperlipidaemia. Over time, it can also weaken the heart muscle and contribute to heart failure and arrhythmias.

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