Pre-hospital emergency care
Initially evaluate the patient's level of consciousness on a scale of awake / arousable / unarousable. The level of consciousness should be further specified at a later stage using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), but only after the patient's airway and breathing have been secured and circulation evaluated. The order of airway-breathing-circulation is easily remembered as the ABC rule. Emergency care of the most common patient groups involves establishing venous access in all patients, administering oxygen, monitoring the patient's vital signs and continually observing the cardiac monitor, pulse oximetry and the patient's level of consciousness.
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