Emergency & Critical Medicine » Common Emergencies

Bacterial Sepsis

Sepsis is a clinical term used to describe a patient who has symptomatic bacteraemia, with or without organ dysfunction. Septicaemia refers to the active multiplication of bacteria in the bloodstream those results in an overwhelming infection. Suspect septicaemia in all patients who are very unwell and manifest severe symptoms. Consider the possibility of streptococcal and staphylococcal sepsis in patients with a skin infection. Check for nuchal rigidity, and assess the level of consciousness, to diagnose meningitis in all suspected cases of severe infection. Offer supportive therapy aimed at maintaining organ perfusion. Provide respiratory support, when necessary. Appropriate anti-microbial therapy depends on adequate coverage of the resident flora of the organ system presumed to be the source of the septic process. Empiric monotherapy regimens include imipenem, meropenem, cefoperazone, piperacillin/tazobactam, or sulbactam/ampicillin.

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