General Medicine

Osteoporosis: diagnostics and pharmacotherapy

Osteoporosis is defined as a condition where bone density is decreased (amount of bone tissue/volume unit). Bone strength is thus compromised and susceptible to osteoporotic fractures. Most common fracture sites include upper femur (femoral neck and trochanters), wrist and thoracic vertebrae. Early diagnosis of osteoporosis is possible only by measurement of bone density. Calcium and vitamin D constitute basic therapy in all cases. For the elderly this therapy is often sufficient and also indicated. Physical exercise is preventive for osteoporosis and for hip fractures. Exercise is necessary in childhood and adolescence; however, exercise can still increase bone density at the age of 40 years.

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