Anemia of Chronic Disease
Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is one of the most common causes of anemia, second only to iron deficiency. ACD can be defined as anemia occurring in chronic inflammatory, infectious or malignant disorders characterized by low serum iron in spite of adequate stores and not due to hemorrhage, hemolysis or marrow replacement. The blood picture in ACD is initially a normocytic normochromic anemia, which becomes hypochromic microcytic later on as a result of sustained iron deficient erythropoiesis.
Iron studies form the cornerstone of laboratory differentiation of ACD from other conditions The classical picture is low serum iron and transferrin levels with normal or increased ferritin levels. Treatment involves managing the primary disease condirtion, and administration of Erythropoietin and iron.
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