Ophthalmology » Evaluation of common symptoms

Impaired Vision

Sudden visual loss or impairment: transient, painless, lasting for seconds may be due to papilloedema. Sudden painless visual loss (over seconds) occurs in central retinal artery occlusion and anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (AION). Sudden visual loss with headache or general symptoms is seen in temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica. Sudden visual impairment is seen in Methanol intoxication. Painless visual impairment over several hours occurs in Hypertensive retinopathy, Central retinal vein occlusion, and Vitreous haemorrhage. Visual impairment within hours accompanied by a headache and gastrointestinal symptoms is seen in acute angle closure glaucoma. Visual impairment within days accompanied with initially slight ocular pain occurs in Iridocyclitis, chorioretinitis, retinitis endophthalmitis and sympathetic ophthalmia. Visual impairment over days and a shadow in the visual field occurs in retinal or vitreous body detachment. Visual impairment over a few days with dull pain aggravated by eye movements is seen in retrobulbar optic neuritis and papillitis. Painless, impaired vision developing slowly over months or years occurs in cataract and refractive errors. The causes of visual impairment over months or years associated with a progressive visual field defect include chronic open-angle and hereditary degenerations of the retina. Glaucoma

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