Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA)
Obstructive sleep apnea is a significant, largely undiagnosed medical problem affecting up to 4% of middle-aged adults. The most common complaints are loud snoring, disrupted sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness. They may develop cardiovascular abnormalities due to the repetitive cycles of snoring, airway collapse and arousal. Most patients are overweight and have a short, thick neck. The diagnosis of OSA is confirmed by sleep laboratory studies. Patients' symptoms and the frequency of respiratory events on laboratory testing are important factors in determining the severity of disease. Patients with mild OSA may settle with conservative measures including getting sufficient sleep, abstaining from the use of alcohol and sedatives, losing weight and avoiding the supine position during sleep. CPAP is the most consistently effective treatment for clinically significant OSA.
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