Haemoptysis
Haemoptysis ie coughing out of blood with/ without sputum and occurs due either to respiratory or cardiovascular causes. Infections including bronchitis, pneumonia, abscess, tuberculosis & bronchiectasis; cancers and cardiovascular diseases like mitral stenosis, LVF, pulmonary oedema, pulmonary embolism are important causes. Management involves identifying aetiology and planning treatment except in major hemoptysis maintaining vital parameters is of importance.
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