Respiratory Medicine » Lung & Pleura » Restrictive Lung Disease

Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a diffuse pulmonary parenchyma injury associated with noncardiogenic pulmonary edema and resulting in severe respiratory distress and hypoxemic respiratory failure. The pathologic hallmark is diffuse alveolar damage. ARDS is characterized by acute onset, bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph and pulmonary artery wedge pressure < 18 mmHg. Airway and support of ventilation and oxygenation are the initial priorities of management. Mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 5-10 cm H2O is effective in reducing intrapulmonary shunting and improving oxygenation. Treatment of the underlying etiology is important.

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