Hypertension
The blood pressure should be measured with a well-calibrated sphygmomanometer using standard procedural guidelines. A diagnosis of hypertension is made only after elevation of blood pressure is noted in three readings on different occasions over a period of months unless the elevation is associated with symptoms Life style changes are a must for all patients.
The first choice may be a variety of antihypertensives from each class of drugs namely beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, alpha blockers and diuretics. Diuretics and beta blockers are the first line of treatment of patients with uncomplicated hypertension. Old people with isolated systolic hypertension should be first treated with diuretics; long-acting calcium channel blockers are alternate choices. Patients with diabetes or kidney damage with hypertension should be treated with ACE inhibitors. History of heart attack with hypertension is a compelling indication for beta blockers and in some cases for ACE inhibitors and diuretics.
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