Myopathies

Myopathies can be caused by inherited genetic defects (eg, muscular dystrophies) and endocrine, inflammatory (eg, polymyositis) and metabolic disorders. Nearly all of the myopathies produce weakening and atrophy of skeletal muscles, especially those of the proximal muscles such as the thigh and shoulder muscles. The distal muscles such as those in the hands and feet are generally less affected. Skeletal muscle weakness is the hallmark of most myopathies, with some noticeable exceptions, such as myotonia and paramyotonia congenital. If the underlying cause of the disorder can be treated successfully, as in the case of endocrine myopathies, the prognosis is usually good. Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy rarely live beyond their middle to late 20s.

 

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