Haemat Onco » Hematological malignancies

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a monoclonal disorder characterized by a progressive accumulation of functionally incompetent lymphocytes. CLL is a disease that primarily affects elderly individuals, with the majority of cases reported in individuals older than 55 years. The incidence continues to rise in those older than 55 years. Patient usually has generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, pallor and petechiae. CBC count with differential shows absolute lymphocytosis with more than 5000 lymphocytes/mL. Peripheral blood flow cytometry confirms the presence of circulating clonal B-lymphocytes expressing CD5, CD19, CD20(dim), CD 23, and an absence of FMC-7 staining. Patient is treated with prednisolone, nucleoside analogs (i.e., fludarabine, cladribine, and pentostatin). The majority of patients live 5-10 years, with an initial course that is relatively benign but followed by a terminal progressive and resistant phase lasting 1-2 years.

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